Materials engineers work in a variety of industries, firms and government agencies. Primary duties: Finance managers analyze financial markets, advise on investments, submit financial reports and manage the financial health of their organization. Financial managers are needed in almost every industry.
Primary duties: Statisticians gather, analyze and present numerical data to find trends and make predictions. They are useful in many industries and departments, including finance, human resources and marketing. Read more: Learn About Being a Statistician. Primary duties: Hardware engineers design, build, test and manufacture physical components of technology.
They understand how software and hardware interact and follow market trends to build appealing technologies. Hardware engineers work in research environments and with tech or computer companies, manufacturers and government agencies.
Primary duties: Aerospace engineers design, build and test spacecraft, aircraft, missiles and national defense systems. They use advanced physics and aerodynamics to solve complex engineering problems and often work with the federal government, engineering firms and research facilities.
Primary duties: Economists analyze historical trends and product costs to solve problems and anticipate economic changes.
They must have excellent data analysis skills and written and verbal communication skills. Economists work in many industries and often write articles. Primary duties: Electronics engineers design, test and produce electronic equipment. This equipment can range from analog systems to microprocessors. Electronics engineers work in many different industries and often work in laboratories, manufacturing facilities and government agencies.
Electronic Engineering: Key Differences. Primary duties: Software engineers design, build and test computer operating system software and application software. They are well-trained in programming languages and design principles and create customized programs for their clients.
Software engineers are in high demand in many industries and government agencies. Primary duties: Actuaries use high levels of math, statistics and computer science to determine financial risks and find ways to manage such risks.
Social Security Administration. Read more: Learn About Being an Actuary. Primary duties: Network architects design network infrastructures that balance their companies' long-term technology goals with their financial needs.
They are very experienced in computer science and understand how to translate business needs and goals into technological tools and systems. Network architects work in nearly every industry and government agency.
Find jobs. Company reviews. Other common employment areas include working for individual wealthy clients and top business executives, with goals set to maximize profit returns and minimize loss.
All actuaries must exhibit high-level abilities in data analysis, information compilation, proposal development, and teamwork. Explore our featured online programs and find the right match for you today. When individuals think of the highest paying careers out of college, nuclear engineering often comes first to mind. This specialized occupation involves extensive research and development to create the processes, instruments, and systems used in harnessing nuclear energy and benefiting from nuclear radiation.
Nuclear engineers may work in the medical field, designing imaging devices or radiation treatments for cancer, or in industrial fields, handling the development of nuclear power plant technology, safety measures and protocol, or waste control or disposal systems. Most of these professionals work in an office environment, whether at a power plant, a government building, or a consulting firm.
By possessing valuable skills in high demand, chemical engineers can find employment in a large variety of industries. They utilize chemistry, biology, physics, and math to examine problems and devise solutions for the production of everything from medicine, to food, to clothing, to fuel.
Chemical engineers spend a significant amount of time conducting research in order to develop and improve manufacturing processes in a safe and efficient manner. In addition to design and development, chemical engineers test their methods and may even directly oversee facility operations.
These professionals work in offices, laboratories, and on-site at industrial locations like plants and refineries. The versatile skills of electronics and communication engineers allow them to work in a staggering variety of technology industries.
These professionals may specialize in automobile and aircraft controls, mobile devices, medical instruments, radio and satellite communication, or GPS devices. This work involves analyzing customer needs, designing individual components, evaluating whole systems, developing maintenance procedures, and performing tests and inspections to ensure top technical performance. Work typically takes place in an office, with occasional travel to on-site locations depending on specific industry requirements.
Computer science engineering may refer to either computer hardware engineers or software engineers. Each of these occupations pay well but require different specialized training and education. Hardware engineers primarily focus on the design and development of physical components and equipment that make up a computer system, while software engineers work on the applications that control the functions and output of these components. Both forms of engineering involve evaluating user needs, performing tests and analyzing results, creating modifications and updates as necessary.
Hardware and software engineers commonly collaborate with one another and with other computer programmers. Aerospace engineering encompasses a wide range of technology, including commercial aircraft, military aircraft, spacecraft, satellites, and missiles.
Due to the highly-specialized nature of each industry, aerospace engineers often focus their career on either aeronautical spacecraft or astronautical aircraft and propulsion systems endeavors. Common job duties include coordinating the design, manufacture, and testing of products; evaluation of projects and designs for adherence to safety, project goals, customer requirements, and regulations; and inspection of malfunctioning products to identify problems and create solutions.
Aerospace engineers may specialize in technology areas including robotics, instrumentation and communication, fluid flow, or structural design. Whereas electronics engineering focuses on developing and bettering technology that uses electricity to function, electrical engineers focus on electricity itself. The main goal of electrical engineers lies in how to produce sufficient energy for human needs and how to effectively distribute it.
Areas of specialization can include motors, power generation equipment, and radar or navigational technology. Electrical engineers often work with dangerous or even deadly amounts of electricity in play and require extensive safety training on top of their formal education. Due to the nature of their work, electrical engineers may spend significant amounts of time working on-site at locations. In materials science and engineering occupations, professionals concern themselves with the atomic level makeup of final products and materials used in manufacturing.
They study the properties and structures of, as well as interactions between, various substances, including metals, plastics, and composites, in order to solve problems and develop new or improved products which meet certain mechanical, electrical, or chemical requirements.
Materials scientists and engineers may specialize in one type of material or substance. Daily tasks typically involve working with a team to complete complex planning, research, laboratory experiments, and composition of written data and reports.
Generally, physicists study the interactions between space, time, energy, and matter. Different types of specialization offer physicists the opportunity to work in a preferred area of study: astrophysics, the physics of the universe; atomic, molecular, or optical physics, concerned with atoms, molecules, electrons, and light; particle and nuclear physics, focusing on atomic and subatomic particles; materials physics, studying properties of matter and related phenomena; or medical physics, working to develop medical technologies and treatments.
Through research and experiments, physicists seek greater understanding of the natural world. They may work to solve industry needs, complete government research, or, with extensive education, in academia. A degree in genetics can help open the door to numerous job opportunities. Geneticists often work as consultants, biotech sales engineers, genetics laboratory supervisors, and senior scientific officers. Some work as researchers to understand the inheritance of traits at the molecular level, while others evaluate patients with genetic disorders.
Fire protection engineering is the field of study concerned with the design and application of solutions to mitigate risks of fire in buildings and other structures. Fire protection engineers are commonly tasked to perform the inspection of buildings and prevent the occurrence of fire. They often work with architects and builders on the installation of fire protection equipment and abiding local fire codes.
They may also create plans for preventing fire damage or destruction as well as manage the purchase, use, and maintenance of fire protection systems. Fire protection engineers may find employment in the government as well as in the private sector, particularly in insurance companies, oil refineries, and consulting firms. Some fire protection engineers teach, while others work as independent contractors.
In large manufacturing firms, fire protection engineers may occupy senior-level positions, such as department manager or supervising engineer. Mining engineering is the field of study concerning the assessment and development of mineral deposits. Graduates are traditionally called mineral engineers but may also take on other names such as geophysical engineer, seismic engineer, or simply a mining expert.
Mineral engineers usually work in mineral extraction companies that sell materials extracted from the ground to manufacturers and refineries. Mineral engineers may work in an office setting or on-site. Their responsibilities may vary depending on the company they are working for or the position they are in.
Usually, mining engineers are in charge of supervising all activities in a mining site, particularly the extraction and transportation of minerals. They may also be tasked to design, develop, and test techniques, machines, and processes necessary for extracting geological materials.
Useful skills for mining engineers include advanced mathematical understanding and extensive knowledge of math principles, such as calculus, and superior analytical and problem-solving skills. Geoscience is the field of natural science that is concerned with the physical aspects of the earth.
Geoscientists assess the various ways that human activity affects earth systems and interpreting geophysical data. They may use their degree in finding employment in a a variety of industries, such as engineering, mining, quarrying, oil and gas extraction, and related services.
They may also work in the federal government, healthcare, and the academe. Geoscientists typically plan and perform field studies to conduct surveys and collect samples. They may also analyze rock samples, aerial photographs, well logs, and other data sources to locate deposits. Other tasks that they may perform include the preparation of scientific reports and the creation of maps and charts.
Aside from analytical, critical, and problem-solving skills, geoscientists are often expected to be physically fit due to the nature of their job.
They often split time working in offices, laboratories, and in the field. They may also spend months doing research work in remote locations all over the world. Biomechanical engineering or bioengineering is a multidisciplinary field that incorporates principles of engineering and biology for practical application in medicine and healthcare.
Biomechanical engineering is commonly used for designing, developing, and improving devices, equipment, and computer software used in healthcare. Biomechanical engineers are usually highly valued for their diverse skills. They are often employed in medical supplies manufacturing, healthcare services, and life sciences research and development. They may also work in educational institutions. These professionals may take on various duties, such as overseeing the maintenance and repair of biomedical equipment and the design of biomedical devices.
Others may oversee the evaluation of the safety, effectiveness, and efficiency of biomedical equipment and systems, while some may be tasked to train clinicians on the proper use of equipment. Graduates of biomechanical engineering are typically expected to have a strong background in mathematics, including allied principles, such as algebra, calculus, and geometry, as well as science and technology. Mechanical engineering is a diverse and versatile branch of engineering. It is a field of study concerning objects and systems in motion.
It touches practically every aspect of modern society, and its graduates typically highly coveted in a wide range of industries, such as aerospace, automotive, biotechnology, electronics, energy, and manufacturing. Mechanical engineers design, develop, build, research, and test mechanical devices and machines, such as electric generators, steam and gas turbines, and refrigeration systems.
They perform tasks that range from the design or redesign of mechanical or thermal devices using computer-aided design and analysis of problems or issues affecting mechanical devices. They may also conduct research and investigation of equipment failures and recommend remedies.
Advanced mathematical understanding, the practical application of statistics and calculus, and creative and analytical thinking are common skills needed by mechanical engineers. Structural engineering is a specialized field of civil engineering concerned with the structural strength or integrity of structures like buildings, bridges, and towers, among others. Applying principles of mathematics and physics, structural engineers help to ensure the safety and durability of construction materials, such as steel, stone, concrete, timber, and other engineering materials like polymer and aluminum.
Structural engineers have a wide range of roles and responsibilities. They are heavily involved in the survey of construction sites to determine the suitability of the site for proposed projects. They deal with the design of structures by calculating the load and stresses that the proposed construction will have to deal with.
They may also responsible for organizing and ensuring the delivery of materials and equipment required for the construction project. Structural engineers need to have a strong grasp of physics and mathematics and be creative problem solvers. They often work in construction sites although they may also be found working in traditional offices.
It is the study of computer technology with a wide range of core areas, including computer theory, software and hardware systems, and scientific computing. Graduates of computer science are usually highly employable as they can often take on a wide variety of roles or jobs, such as network administrators, database administrators, computer programmers, and systems analysts.
Their duties and responsibilities may also vary depending on their jobs. Graduates of computer science are typically known for their strong programming background as well as advanced mathematical, technical, and analytical skills. Most also have a strong attention to detail. Industrial engineering is the field of engineering focusing on the development, evaluation, improvement, and implementation of production and manufacturing processes.
Industrial engineers typically use their extensive knowledge of engineering principles and methods to minimize or eliminate wastage of resources, such as money, materials, energy, and time.
Industrial engineering is a promising field and can open the doors to a variety of employment, such as logistics providers, service industries, research and development firms, manufacturing companies, and consulting and engineering services.
Common tasks for industrial engineers include overseeing or leading production and operations planning, logistics and operations scheduling, materials handling, and internal operation management. Industrial engineers may work in an office setting or a factory, depending on their tasks. Like other engineers, industrial engineers are typically expected to have a strong background in mathematical principles, such as calculus and trigonometry.
They are also commonly trained to have superior analytical, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills. Civil engineering is one of the oldest branches of engineering. In a nutshell, civil engineering is concerned with the design and development of infrastructure projects ranging from roads, buildings, transport systems, and water supply networks. Civil engineers can be found involved in all aspects of building a structure from planning, budgeting, design, surveying, and management.
They may manage the repair and maintenance of public or private infrastructure. Other responsibilities often include analyzing survey reports, managing construction costs, submitting permit applications to state or federal regulators, and analyzing test results on building materials. Civil engineers often work for engineering or construction firms, local government units, schools, and hospitals.
Useful skills for civil engineers include a strong background in mathematics and science and a deep understanding of physics and economics.
Manufacturing engineering is the branch of engineering concerned with the analysis, research, and application of complex manufacturing and industrial systems. These systems may include machine tools, computer networks, and robots, among others. It is a multi-disciplinary degree synergizing various fields, such as mechanical engineering, electronics engineering, computer science, and management.
Manufacturing engineers can pursue careers in a variety of industries, such as pharmaceuticals, food and drinks, and oil production, among others. They can be assigned to various areas of operations, such as logistics and distribution, supply chain management, quality management, and life cycle management. These professionals perform a variety of tasks, such as designing products, recommending the most efficient technologies and processes for manufacturing, planning, and designing factories or plans that will produce the product.
Health informatics is the field of study concerned with the application of information technology in organizing and analyzing health records for improving healthcare. Also called health information systems, this discipline deals with resources and methods for the acquisition, retrieval, storage, and use of information in the healthcare sector.
Health informatics specialists supervise the implementation of technology in hospitals, clinics, and other similar establishments. They are responsible for the training of personnel and creating documentation for healthcare systems and procedures. They are also called upon to oversee the troubleshooting of equipment and systems.
They are also expected to be updated on the latest compliance and regulatory standards. Graduates of healthcare informatics may be employed as clinical analysts and informatics nurses. As they gain more experience, they may move up the corporate ladder and assume senior leadership positions, such as health informatics director.
Metallurgical engineering is the field of engineering focused on the development and processing of metals, including iron, steel, copper sheet, zinc, copper, and aluminum. Metallurgical engineers can be found in many industries, such as mining, steel fabrication, motor vehicle production, and manufacturing.
The most common task for metallurgical engineers is to use their specialized knowledge of metals in solving quality or efficiency issues. Performing a process called failure analysis, these professionals research and determine the cause of a component failure. They will then make recommendations on improving the future performance of materials. Metallurgical engineers need advanced mathematical and analytical skills and the ability to think analytically and logically. Creativity, the ability to be innovative, and adaptability are also useful traits for metallurgical engineers.
Agricultural engineering is a branch of engineering that deals with the design, construction, and enhancement of farming equipment and processes. Integrating technology to improve farming, agricultural engineers seek to resolve a variety of issues concerning the agricultural sector, such as efficient use of structures and facilities, storage of agricultural products, and control or abatement of environmental issues. Agricultural engineers often work in the government, technical consulting services, educational institutions, research institutes, and crop production companies.
Their duties vary depending on the size and type of employer. For example, they may design new farming equipment or introduce new and more efficient tasks.
They may also take the lead in the design and construction of infrastructures, such as warehouses and dams. Others develop new types of biofuels.
These professionals are typically expected to have advanced analytical, mathematical, and problem-solving skills. Superior communication skills to communicate their ideas on systems and solutions are useful as well. Psychology is an applied science concerned with understanding individuals and groups through the application of general principles.
Through their observation and interpretation of how people relate to each other and their environments, psychologists record and recommend findings for improvement of behaviors and processes. These include clinical psychologists who diagnose and treat mental disorders, clinical psychologists who provide diagnostic tests to families and individuals, and counseling psychologists who help patients in dealing with issues at home or at their workplace.
There are also forensic psychologists, developmental psychologists, and rehabilitation psychologists. Graduates may find employment in a wide range of industries, such as business, health care, social work, marketing, sales, finance, and retail. Their duties can range from the conduct of scientific studies of human behavior to interviewing and surveying individuals. Some identify issues ranging from behavioral, emotional, and organizational and diagnose disorders.
Others write research papers and supervise counseling professionals. Industrial distribution is the field of study concerned with the improvement of the distribution of technological products through the practical application of mathematical, scientific, and supply chain management principles. Industrial distribution professionals are needed in many industries, such as manufacturing, energy services, oil and gas, material processing, and construction.
Industrial distribution courses can help prepare their students for the demands of industries by providing coursework in finance, business, engineering, management, information technology, and human relations. Graduates of industrial distribution may work as logisticians who are tasked to analyze distribution throughout the entire supply chain and determine areas for improvement.
They may also find employment as a purchasing agent who source products bought and sold by manufacturers, advise on contract renewals, and negotiate deals on products and equipment that add the most value to an organization. As they progress in their careers, industrial distribution graduates may hold supervisory positions, such as sales managers and distribution managers.
Industrial distribution professionals are typically analytical, highly organized, and detail-oriented. Nursing is an academic degree that trains its students to provide patient care. Graduates of nursing can pursue careers as nursing assistants, registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, nurse practitioners, or research nurses, among others. It is also one of the more popular undergraduate degrees largely due to the aging population of many countries worldwide. Nurses coordinate patient care, provide emotional support to patients and loved ones, and assist in education on various health conditions.
Their tasks range from recording medical histories and symptoms of patients, administering medicines and treatments, and consulting and collaborating with doctors as well as other healthcare professionals.
Nurses are usually employed in state, local, and private hospitals. They may also find employment opportunities in educational institutions, ambulatory healthcare services, and nursing and residential care facilities. Some nurses also serve in the military or travel to community healthcare centers. In general, accounting is a field of study concerned with the analysis and application of financial data for businesses and the general public. Accountants provide businesses with financial information that helps senior executives make informed decisions.
Accounting has two main career areas—public and private. Accounting degree holders pursue a wide range of career options. Earning a certification can help them become public accountants who perform auditing, accounting, and tax-related tasks for clients, such as individuals, governments, and corporations.
Accountants and auditors typically perform tasks such as ensuring the accuracy of financial statements, computing taxes, preparing tax returns, and inspecting accounting systems. They are often in charge of organizing and maintaining financial records. They may also recommend strategies for reducing costs, enhancing revenues, and improving profits. Food technology is the field of study that is concerned with all aspects of food science, from production to processing to distribution. Food technologists work to ensure the safety and quality of food products.
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